Product Composition Of Electric Motorcycles

Power supply

The electric motorcycle's driving motor relies on the power supply to receive electrical energy. This energy is then converted into mechanical energy by the motor, enabling it to power the wheels and various working devices. Currently, lead-acid batteries are extensively used as the primary power source for electric vehicles. However, as electric vehicle technology advances, lead-acid batteries are gradually being replaced by other batteries due to their limitations such as low specific energy, slow charging speed, and short lifespan. Consequently, there is ongoing development in the application of new power sources, which promises significant advancements for the electric vehicle industry.

Drive motor

The primary role of the drive motor is to convert electrical energy from the power source into mechanical energy, enabling the transmission or direct propulsion of the wheels and working mechanisms. Nowadays, DC series motors are extensively utilized in electric vehicles due to their "soft" mechanical characteristics, aligning well with the driving traits of automobiles. However, these motors suffer from drawbacks such as low specific power, poor efficiency, and a burdensome maintenance workload mainly caused by commutation sparks. As motor technology and motor control technology continue to advance, it is inevitable that DC motors will gradually be substituted by brushless DC motors (BCDMs), switched reluctance motors (SRMs), and AC asynchronous motors.

Motor speed control device

The motor speed control unit is responsible for managing the speed and direction changes of electric vehicles. Its primary task is to regulate the motor's voltage or current, enabling it to control the driving torque and rotation direction of the motor effectively.

In the past, DC motors in electric vehicles were regulated using resistors or by changing the number of turns in the motor's magnetic field coil. However, these methods were not efficient and had limitations. Nowadays, thyristor chopper speed regulation is commonly used, which allows for stepless speed regulation by uniformly changing the terminal voltage of the motor and controlling the motor's current. As electronic power technology advances, other power transistors such as GTO, MOSFET, BTR, and IGBT are replacing thyristor chopper speed control devices. In the future, with the development of new drive motors, it is inevitable that the speed control in electric vehicles will turn to the application of DC inverter technology. The continued advancement of technology is creating a more efficient and effective way to power electric vehicles and make them more accessible and affordable for all.

To convert the rotation of a driving motor, the traditional DC motor requires a contactor to switch the current direction of the armature or magnetic field. Unfortunately, this complex control circuit can reduce the reliability. In contrast, using an AC asynchronous motor for driving only requires modifying the phase sequence of the three-phase current in the magnetic field. This simplifies the control circuit, while also enabling regenerative braking and variable frequency speed control through AC motor technology. The result is a more convenient and simpler control circuit for electric vehicles.

Travel device

The purpose of the traveling device is to convert the driving force from the motor into a force on the ground, which in turn propels the wheels to move. Comprising of suspension, tires and wheels, it shares a similar structure to other vehicles.